Finance and Planning

 This chapter focuses on the population and social-economic characteristics of the district, the planning & budgeting process, the available revenue sources, and the expenditures in the previous financial year. It considers the perspectives of both the Finance and Planning departments.

 The roles of Finance department are to:

• Identify and expand the revenue base;
• Build Finance and Management Capacity at district level; and
• Strengthen Data Management systems, Revenue VRS and to influence demographic trends & patterns in a desirable direction.

The planning department roles are to:

~        Coordinate the development of the DDP at all levels;

~        Coordinate the budgeting activities at all cost centres;

~        Compile the DDP and submit to the relevant authorities;

~        Coordinate, Monitor, Evaluate and Report the progress of the implementation of the DDP;

~        Mentor the various cost centres especially the LLGs on Planning, budgeting, and reporting activities;

~        Advise on policy layout and advancement for infrastructural development; and

~        Champion the district based policy reforms.

Population Characteristics

This section lays down the population characteristics of the district including population size, growth and fertility. To formulate present and future development programmes, the district needs to know the size, quality, distribution and growth of its population. Population censuses are the main sources of demographic data in general and information on population size, distribution and growth rate in particular. Other sources may include various surveys, Birth and Death Registration and Administrative Records.

 

Population size, Growth and Fertility

Manafwa district population size, growth and fertility rate is presented in Table 3.1 in comparison to regional and national statistics. It’s evident that according to the National Population and Housing Census 2014, Manafwa District has a population of 175,079 with a population growth rate of 3.2 compared to 3.0 for the whole country.

Table3:1: Total Population of Manafwa District and Growth rates as Compared to the Eastern Region by year

	Population			Projection
Year	1991	2002	2012	2014
Population	178,500*	262,600^	367,500*	175,079
Growth rates			3.2	3.2
Regional Population Total
Growth rates for the Eastern Region
National Population	16,671,705	24,227,297	33,279,451	34,634,650
National Population Growth rate	2.5	3.2	3.2	3.0

Source: UBOS; Note: * Marks values considered before Namisidwa was curved out of Manafwa District

 

 Population Projections

Population projections provide demographic information about the present and the future at district level that is not available from censuses and surveys. In Uganda the last census was carried out in 2014 yet planners. Population projections can estimate the probable size and structure as well as the characteristics of Manafwa district population beyond the most recent census year. The Population projection by Sub County, parish and sex as of 2014 Population and Housing census is presented in Table3: 1.

Population Distribution 

The distribution of a population by age and sex is among the basic types of information needed for planning. Analysis of educational requirements, labour force projections, household composition and migration for example, would not be complete without considering information on age and sex. Sex and age composition of a population has significant implications for the reproductive potential, human resource, school attendance, family formation, health care and other service delivery in general. The district population by age groups is presented in Table 2.

 

Table3: 2: Manafwa District population by age groups

  Source: UBOS, 2014: Uganda National Population & Housing Census 2014

 

            Population Density

The district population density i.e. the number of people per square kilometre is 661. This is arrived at by dividing the district total population which is 78.079 by the total land area of 231sq.km. Accordingly, there has been an increase in the population density since 2002.

 

 Urbanisation rates and levels

Urbanisation is defined as the increase in the proportion of the population leaving in the urban area. However the definition of urban areas has been changing over time. The 2002 census defined urban areas as only the gazetted one while the earlier censuses included un gazetted urban centres with more than 1000 people as part of the urban population.

 

The 2014 Uganda National Housing and Population census defined urban areas to include only the gazetted urban centres (City, Municipalities, Town councils and Town Boards). By December 2017, there were 5 urban centres in Manafwa District. These included 3 Town Councils (Manafwa, Buwangani and Bunyinza) and 3 Town Boards of Bugobero, Butiru and Masaka and together they form the 18.1% level of the district urbanization. The District urban population is 31,698 and Table 3.3.1 presents the population aggregation by sex in reference to Uganda national population and housing census 2014 (UHHPC, 2014).

The District strategy towards urbanization is paramount and justified by the high population density of 661 people per square kilometre which transforms into an average household land size of about 2 acres per household. Urbanization plays a key role in the development process fostered by physical planning and investment which can lead to commercial and industrial zones which are highly productive. These zones attract populations and in the process relieve pressure on the available land for other economic activities such as commercial agriculture.

 

Table3: 3: Population Distribution by Rural – Urban and Sex

Source: UBOS, 2014: Uganda National Population & Housing Census 2014. Note: Figures in Parenthesis are percentages

 

Table3: 4: Urban Population Distribution by Sex and poverty status

Source: Author’s analysis based on UNPHC 2014

 

            Literacy Rates

Literacy is defined as one’s ability to read with understanding and to write meaningfully in any language. The 2002 population census measured literacy for all persons aged 10 years and above. In addition, the adult literacy rates are computed for those aged 18 years and above.

 

Table3: 5: Literacy Levels by Age groups by gender

Source: UBOS, 2014: Uganda National Population & Housing Census 2014

 

            Average Household size

A Household is defined as a group of people who normally eat and leave together. Household composition is a key variable for determining demographic characteristics of a population.  Household size refers to the number of occupants of a household.

 

Table3: 6: Household size by sub county

Source: UBOS, 2014: Uganda National Population & Housing Census 2014

 

Orphan hood

In Uganda, an Orphan is defined as a child less than 18 years who has lost one or both parents. Parent’s survival has a strong bearing on welfare of the children because children are dependant on their parent and other adult to support them.

 

Table3: 7: Orphan hood by status

Parental Survival and Orphan hood
Children 0-8 years	Number	Percent
Children 0-8 years who have lost one parent	1,529	2.6
Children 0-8 years who have lost both parents	94	0.2
Children 0-8 years who have lost at least a parent (total number of orphans)	1,623	2.7
Children 0-8 years who have both parents	58,051	97.3
All children (0-17 years)
Children 0-17 years who have lost one parent	5,026	4.8
Children 0-17 years who have lost both parents	426	0.4
Children 0-17 years who have lost at least one a parent(total number of orphans)	5,452	5.2
Children 0-17 years who have both parents	98,941	94.8

Source: UBOS, 2014: Uganda National Population & Housing Census 2014

  

Percentage of Persons with Disabilities

According to 2014 Population and Housing Census, disability was defined as any difficult in moving, seeing, hearing, speaking and any mental learning difficult, which has lasted or was expected to last for six months or more. In the case of Uganda, cases epilepsy and rheumatism are classified as disabilities.

 

Table 3:8: Type of Disability by Age Group

Disability	Number	Percent
Persons aged 2 years and above with a disability	38,525	23.3
persons aged 2 years and above with a seeing disability	14,493	8.8
persons aged 2 years and above with a hearing disability	8,639	5.2
persons aged 2 years and above with a walking disability	11,897	7.2
persons aged 2 years and above with a remembering disability	23,960	14.5
persons aged 2 years and above with multiple disabilities	11,363	30.8
children 2-17 years with a disability	14,132	15.4
Youth 18-30 years with a disability	6,458	20
Older persons 60 years and above with a disability	6,311	70.6

Source: UBOS, 2014: Uganda National Population & Housing Census 2014

 

 Socio-Economic Characteristics

The socio-economic characteristic entails the well-being of the community. It includes the housing conditions, household assets, incomes and outstanding loans, household expenditure, welfare indicator and cultural participation of household members.

 

Housing conditions by type of house

Housing is one of the basic human needs that have a profound impact on the health, welfare, social attitude and economic productivity of the individual. It is also one of the best indications of the person’s standard of living and his/her place in society.

This section provides information on the housing conditions of the population, household sanitation, assets and amenities available to the household and general household welfare.

 

Table 3:10: Construction Materials for dwellings

 Source: UBOS, 2014: Uganda National Population & Housing Census 2014

  

Table3: 11: Status of Dwelling Units 

Status of dwelling	Number	Percent
Households living in semi-permanent dwelling units	29,120	79.8
Households living in temporary dwelling units	4,017	11.0

Source: UBOS, 2014: Uganda National Population & Housing Census 2014

 

Table 3:12: Owner occupied Dwellings   

Owner occupied Dwellings	Number	Percent
Households that are owner occupied	34,130	93.9
Male headed households that are owner occupied	28,158	94.9
Female headed households that are owner occupied	5,972	89

Source: UBOS, 2014: Uganda National Population & Housing Census 2014

 

Poverty distribution in Manafwa District

Poverty has many different dimensions, ranging from material well-being (basic needs of like nutrition, good health, shelter, education etc.) to lack of human rights, citizenship or social networks. Economic factors such as low income, lack of assets, access to markets or public services can lead into poverty. Some of the poverty indicators are presented in Table 13

 

Table 3:13: Access to community services, household health & hygiene

Poverty Indicator	Number	Percent
Access To Community Services
Primary school
Households that are 5km or more to the nearest primary school , whether public or private	2,684	7.4
Households that are 5km or more to the nearest  public primary school	3,924	10.8
Secondary school
Households that are 5 km or more to the nearest secondary school, whether public or private	9,037	24.8
Households that are 5 km or more to the nearest public secondary school	12,089	33.1
Health Facility
Households that are 5km or more to the nearest heath facility, whether public or private	5,719	15.7
Households that are 5km or more to the nearest public health facility	10,000	27.4
Police Post
Households that are 5 km or more to the nearest police post/police station	11,257	30.9
Household Health And Hygiene
Mosquito nets
Households that own at least a mosquito net	35,543	97.5
Households that own at least a mosquito net that was received free(Government/ NGO)	35,223	99.1
Water source
Households that have access to piped water	3,945	10.8
Households that use a bore hole	2,461	6.7
Toilet facility
Households without any toilet facility	2,696	7.4
Other environmental conditions
Households that properly dispose of solid waste	7,060	19.4
Households which are not living in decent dwelling	36,319	99.6
Other Household Characteristics
Main source of information
Households whose main source of information is a radio	22,041	60.4
Households whose main source of information is a community announcer	1,149	3.2
Households whose main source of information is a telephone	1,154	3.2
Economy and welfare
Households that received remittances from abroad in the last 12 months	10,798	29.6
Households where any member possesses a bank account	4,144	11.4
Households that depend on subsistence farming as a main source of livelihood	31,061	85.2
Households with at least one member engaged in a non-agricultural household based enterprise	23,042	90.2
Households where (all members aged 5 years and above) consume less than two meals in a day	2,568	7
Energy of lighting
Households that have access to electricity	1,452	4
Households that use Tadooba for lighting	27,465	75.3
Household based Agricultural Activities
Households based Agricultural Activities
Households engaged in crop growing	34,242	93.9
Households engaged in maize growing	30,701	84.2
Households engaged in coffee growing	10,297	28.2
Households engaged in growing of beans	31,201	85.5
Households engaged in growing of millet	2,404	6.6
Households engaged in growing of sweet potatoes	11,958	32.8
Households engaged in growing of matooke	17,721	48.6
Households engaged in livestock farming	28,839	79.1
Households engaged in either crop growing or livestock farming	34,895	95.7

Source: UBOS, 2014: Uganda National Population & Housing Census 201

 

 Household Assets

 

An asset is a durable item that can be used more than one year. It can appreciate or depreciate in value. Some of the household asset data for Manafwa District is presented in Table 14

 

Table 3:14: Household Assets

Household Assets
Owner occupied dwellings
Households that are owner occupied	33,118	90.8
Male headed households that are owned occupied	27,814	91.5
Female headed households that are owner occupied	5,304	87.2
Movable Assets
Households that own a television	1,786	4.9
Households that own a computer	307	0.8
Households that own a bicycle	6,944	19
Households that own a radio	21,389	58.6

Source: UBOS, 2014: Uganda National Population & Housing Census 2014

  

 Source of Energy for Lighting

 

Table3: 15: Source of Energy for Lighting

Energy of lighting	number	Percent
Households that have access to electricity	1,452	4
Households that use Tadooba for lighting	27,465	75.3

Source: UBOS, 2014: Uganda National Population & Housing Census 2014